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Mac Forum / Programming / Perl / August 2006Perl Module Installation
Hi All, Can anyone point me to a decent tutorial for installing perl modules. The one I have downloaded is DBI-1.52.tar.gz I am running OS X 10.4.7 and have never installed a perl module before. I have found various pages on the net but I don't want to mess things up so would like to make sure that the tutorial I am reading has been recommended by some experts! :) I am also assuming that the right directory for my install is System/Library/Perl/5.8.6/ Thankyou in advance, Mo On Wed, August 23, 2006 12:27 pm, Moisés Chicharro said: > Hi All, > [quoted text clipped - 12 lines] > Thankyou in advance, > Mo In general the best way to install Perl modules is to use CPAN. Use Terminal and run 'perl -MCPAN -e shell' (or just 'cpan') and answer the questions it asks. If you don't know the answer, use the default. Then, while in the CPAN shell, type 'install DBI'. It will get the latest version, unpack it, test it, and install it for you. You will of course need the devloper tools to do this, in case you haven't installed them already. Daniel T. Staal --------------------------------------------------------------- This email copyright the author. Unless otherwise noted, you are expressly allowed to retransmit, quote, or otherwise use the contents for non-commercial purposes. This copyright will expire 5 years after the author's death, or in 30 years, whichever is longer, unless such a period is in excess of local copyright law. --------------------------------------------------------------- Thanks to everyone for their suggestions. I ran the 'perl -MCPAN -e shell' and it told me to update the module which I did. So I now have v1.7601. However, when trying to run 'install DBI', it piled a whole load of stuff into the terminal window which ended with this below ( the NOT OK bit is worrying me )... ----------- test.pl done /usr/bin/make test -- OK Running make install Manifying blib/man1/dbiproxy.1 Warning: You do not have permissions to install into /usr/local/man/ man1 at /System/Library/Perl/5.8.6/ExtUtils/Install.pm line 114. mkdir /usr/local/man/man3: Permission denied at /System/Library/Perl/ 5.8.6/ExtUtils/Install.pm line 112 make: *** [pure_site_install] Error 255 /usr/bin/make install -- NOT OK ------------ Does that make sense to any of you guys? Thanks again for your help :) > On Wed, August 23, 2006 12:27 pm, Moisés Chicharro said: >> Hi All, [quoted text clipped - 37 lines] > local copyright law. > --------------------------------------------------------------- I always use Sudo To do the installation. In your case, I would use sudo perl -MCPAN -e shell' You wouldn't get those warnings if you do this. Ted zeng -----Original Message----- From: Moisés Chicharro [mailto:mo@versioncreative.com] Sent: Thursday, August 24, 2006 9:01 AM To: macosx@perl.org Subject: Re: Perl Module Installation Thanks to everyone for their suggestions. I ran the 'perl -MCPAN -e shell' and it told me to update the module which I did. So I now have v1.7601. However, when trying to run 'install DBI', it piled a whole load of stuff into the terminal window which ended with this below ( the NOT OK bit is worrying me )... ----------- test.pl done /usr/bin/make test -- OK Running make install Manifying blib/man1/dbiproxy.1 Warning: You do not have permissions to install into /usr/local/man/ man1 at /System/Library/Perl/5.8.6/ExtUtils/Install.pm line 114. mkdir /usr/local/man/man3: Permission denied at /System/Library/Perl/ 5.8.6/ExtUtils/Install.pm line 112 make: *** [pure_site_install] Error 255 /usr/bin/make install -- NOT OK ------------ Does that make sense to any of you guys? Thanks again for your help :) On 23 Aug 2006, at 17:45, Daniel T. Staal wrote: > On Wed, August 23, 2006 12:27 pm, Moisés Chicharro said: >> Hi All, [quoted text clipped - 37 lines] > local copyright law. > --------------------------------------------------------------- Awesome - that seems to worked, thanks very much!! > I always use > Sudo [quoted text clipped - 85 lines] >> local copyright law. >> --------------------------------------------------------------- On Thu, Aug 24, 2006 at 05:00:56PM +0100, Mois?s Chicharro wrote: > However, when trying to run 'install DBI', it piled a whole load of > stuff into the terminal window which ended with this below ( the NOT [quoted text clipped - 14 lines] > > Does that make sense to any of you guys? Yes, and it would make sense to you too if you bothered reading it. Which part of "Warning: You do not have permissions to install into /usr/local/man/" is so difficult to understand? Run the CPAN shell as root as all will be well.  SignatureDavid Cantrell | Benevolent Dictator Of The World On the bright side, if sendmail is tied up routing spam and pointless uknot posts, it's not waving its arse around saying "root me!" -- Peter Corlett, in uknot Sorry, maybe my phrasing was misleading. Obviously I read the error and understood what Permission Denied means but having checked that my account was admin and this being the first module I have ever installed I was not sure what to do to get access. Rather that writing "Does that make any sense", I should of wrote "How do I get round this". > On Thu, Aug 24, 2006 at 05:00:56PM +0100, Mois?s Chicharro wrote: > [quoted text clipped - 22 lines] > > Run the CPAN shell as root as all will be well. At 5:57 pm +0100 24/8/06, Moisés Chicharro wrote: >Rather that writing "Does that make any sense", I should of wrote >"How do I get round this". sudo cpan Password: ..... > cpan install ... >Run the CPAN shell as root as all will be well. Idonwannadodat! Although I have root privileges on all machines around here there are still two of use who install things and I much prefer NOT to step on the War Department's toes. She's the one who keeps my Linux OS's up to date and I rarely know whether it's Fedora or Ubuntu because I log in from OS neXt.. My solution is to use the --prefix option in ./configure to point to --prefix $HOME/local In $HOME/local/ there are the usual directories one of which is $HOME/local/bin/ or in some cases $HOME/perl/. I see to it that the PERL5LIB environment variable gets set to one or the other of those. My $PATH is set to look at the $HOME/local/bin/ directory first. The result is that I can compile and install without being root. My stuff does not get any chance to screw up something like a system update from Apple or some Linux distribution. I happily accept the responsibility for fixing things up if such an update requires changes to my stuff. My own perl modules end up in $HOME/local so there can be no accidental naming confusion. The problem is - - - How do I tell cpan to do things that way? - especially when there is a batch of dependencies to worry about. Signature--> The message came to Abraham that he would beget a son. Sarah, who was behind the door, laughed. <-- >>Run the CPAN shell as root as all will be well. > [quoted text clipped - 9 lines] >The problem is - - - How do I tell cpan to do things that way? - >especially when there is a batch of dependencies to worry about. I have never run the CPAN shell as root and I don't see what problems you're referring to. I just do 'sudo cpan' and everything is installed where it should go. Eremita:~ jd$ sudo cpan CPAN: File::HomeDir loaded ok cpan shell -- CPAN exploration and modules installation (v1.87) ReadLine support enabled cpan> install CGI CPAN: Storable loaded ok Going to read /Users/jd/.cpan/Metadata Database was generated on Thu, 24 Aug 2006 01:35:30 GMT Running install for module CGI ... ... All tests successful, 1 subtest skipped. Files=18, Tests=503, 3 wallclock secs ( 1.75 cusr + 0.50 csys = 2.25 CPU) /usr/bin/make test -- OK Running make install Installing /usr/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8/CGI.pm Installing /usr/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8/CGI/Cookie.pm Installing /usr/local/share/man/man3/CGI.3 ... etc. cpan> > I have never run the CPAN shell as root and I don't see what problems > you're referring to. I just do 'sudo cpan' and everything is > installed where it should go. > > Eremita:~ jd$ sudo cpan That's running it as root, via sudo. I don't think it is actually all that big a deal, on your own machine, but do be aware you are doing it. Daniel T. Staal --------------------------------------------------------------- This email copyright the author. Unless otherwise noted, you are expressly allowed to retransmit, quote, or otherwise use the contents for non-commercial purposes. This copyright will expire 5 years after the author's death, or in 30 years, whichever is longer, unless such a period is in excess of local copyright law. --------------------------------------------------------------- >All tests successful, 1 subtest skipped. >Files=18, Tests=503, 3 wallclock secs ( 1.75 cusr + 0.50 csys = 2.25 CPU) [quoted text clipped - 4 lines] >Installing /usr/local/share/man/man3/CGI.3 >... etc. I guess I wasn't clear. I want the modules installed in my $HOME directory so that they won't 1) Get lost when a newer OS gets installed - especially with Linux. 2) Get in the way of someone else's, the main geek - my wife's, idea of what should be there. Installation in /usr/local gets me into trouble. $HOME/local/bin and the like is what I want cpan to use for me. Just downloading source and doing any required makes myself seems to work OK except that dependencies get to be a PITA. When the module is all perl code there is really nothing to "make" anyway and I can just reload my $HOME directory from a backup. Signature--> From the U S of A, the only socialist country that refuses to admit it. <-- > I guess I wasn't clear. I want the modules installed in my $HOME > directory so that they won't [quoted text clipped - 3 lines] > 2) Get in the way of someone else's, the main geek - my wife's, > idea of what should be there. What you're looking for is http://search.cpan.org/~andk/CPAN-1.87/lib/ CPAN.pm#5 : > I am not root, how can I install a module in a personal directory? > [quoted text clipped - 38 lines] > because you might accidentally remove modules that other people > depend on that are not using the private area. -- Packy Anderson packy@dardan.com La perfection est atteinte non quand il ne reste rien ‡ ajouter, mais quand il ne reste rien ‡ enlever. (You know you've achieved perfection in design, not when you have nothing more to add, but when you have nothing more to take away.) --Antoine de Saint- Exupery > I have never run the CPAN shell as root I beg to disagree ... > and I don't see what problems you're referring to. I just do 'sudo > cpan' unless, of course, you actually do it as something like sudo -u myuser cpan On Thu, August 24, 2006 12:00 pm, Moisés Chicharro said: > Thanks to everyone for their suggestions. > > I ran the 'perl -MCPAN -e shell' and it told me to update the module which I did. So I now have v1.7601. > However, when trying to run 'install DBI', it piled a whole load of stuff into the terminal window which ended with this below ( the NOT OK bit is worrying me )... > ----------- > test.pl done > /usr/bin/make test -- OK > Running make install > Manifying blib/man1/dbiproxy.1 > Warning: You do not have permissions to install into /usr/local/man/ man1 at /System/Library/Perl/5.8.6/ExtUtils/Install.pm line 114. mkdir /usr/local/man/man3: Permission denied at /System/Library/Perl/ 5.8.6/ExtUtils/Install.pm line 112 > make: *** [pure_site_install] Error 255 > /usr/bin/make install -- NOT OK > ------------ > > Does that make sense to any of you guys? Easy sense: The important line is this: 'Warning: You do not have permissions to install into' It means exactly what it says: you don't have the permissions to do that, as the user you are logged in as. Basically only root has write permissions to those directories. The easy thing to do is invoke cpan as root, using sudo, but there is a better way: Have cpan invoke 'sudo' for the install itself. This is a fairly recent option in cpan though, so you may need to use the 'run cpan as root' first to get that version isntalled. Anyway, if you have the version that supports it, just enter the line o conf make_install_make_command 'sudo make' in the cpan shell. It will then run 'sudo make' for the final step, and ask you for the password to allow the install at that point. This means it can remind you, and that you will never run a module that _fails_ its tests as root. (And all the messy stuff with installing, unpacking, and the rest are done as you, not root.) At the moment it didn't do the install, but only because it did not have the permissions to finish. There were no problems with the module, from what you've said. Daniel T. Staal --------------------------------------------------------------- This email copyright the author. Unless otherwise noted, you are expressly allowed to retransmit, quote, or otherwise use the contents for non-commercial purposes. This copyright will expire 5 years after the author's death, or in 30 years, whichever is longer, unless such a period is in excess of local copyright law. --------------------------------------------------------------- If you have downloaded the module instead of using CPAN, look at the file "INSTALL" in the module. If should tell you what to do: Typically: #./configuration #make #make check <= VERY IMPORTANT!! #make install But using CPAN is better. There are other issues in the MacOS X for manual installation or modules such as where the modules are install. The manual method may put them in /usr/local instead of in /Library. Be careful. LogiQwest uses DBI.pm for our product which runs in Perl for multiple Unix types. (we develop on the Mac by the way for Unix reasons with desktops). The following link I have posted that might be useful to you for you DBI installation. It is part of our documentation (though it is general for Unix): http://www.logiqwest.com/dataCenter/Demos/RunBooks/EnterpriseView/Docs/DbiDbdIns tallation.html But many of the other links on this page do not work. Moisés Chicharro wrote: > Hi All, > [quoted text clipped - 12 lines] > Thankyou in advance, > Mo Signature------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Michael Barto* Software Architect LogiQwest Circle LogiQwest Inc. 16458 Bolsa Chica Street, # 15 Huntington Beach, CA 92649 http://www.logiqwest.com/ mbarto@logiqwest.com <mailto:mbarto@logiqwest.com> Tel: 714 377 3705 Fax: 714 840 3937 Cell: 714 883 1949 *'tis a gift to be simple* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ This e-mail may contain LogiQwest proprietary information and should be treated as confidential. > If you have downloaded the module instead of using CPAN, look at > the file "INSTALL" in the module. If should tell you what to do: [quoted text clipped - 3 lines] > #make check <= VERY IMPORTANT!! > #make install Hmm, doesn't look very typical!! Most perl modules don't have an "INSTALL" file, "./configuration" will produce an error as there's no such file in the directory (you mean "./configure" I think, but it will also give an error as it's not appropriate for a perl module), and you probably shouldn't be running the first three of those things as root... Mo, just in case you either (a) can't get the cpan script to run (it's sometimes a little finicky to set up behind a proxy server, for example), or (b) wish to do things by hand, here's the standard sequence to go through in order to install DBI. If you have downloaded DBI-1.52.tar.gz then move it somewhere convenient (eg, a directory called "src" in your home directory; make this directory if necessary). Then % cd ~/src % tar zxf DBI-1.52.tar.gz % cd DBI-1.52 % perl Makefile.PL [[ At this stage you might get warnings about missing prerequisite modules; in that case you will have to install them beforehand using the same procedure described here. This can cause quite a bit of cascading backwards if the module you're installing has a lot of dependencies: getting stuck in such an installation cycle will make you appreciate cpan (the script, not the repository). ]] % make % make test [[ Then if the tests all pass...]] % sudo make install The last of these will ask for your password (I'm assuming you're an admin user). The module will automatically be installed in the appropriate place on your machine. No need to manually copy anything anywhere. Best of luck, Paul > Typically: > > #./configuration > #make > #make check <= VERY IMPORTANT!! > #make install In about 12 years of doing perl I think I've never seen an installation sequence that looks like that. I think you mean: % perl Makefile.PL % make % make test % sudo make install In recent days you might also see some modules that use Module::Build instead of MakeMaker, and those can have a different installation sequence: % perl Build.PL % ./Build % ./Build test % sudo ./Build install Well-behaved Module::Build-based modules will provide both options. -Ken > There are other issues in the MacOS X for manual installation or > modules such as where the modules are install. The manual method > may put them in /usr/local instead of in /Library. Be careful. 'sfunny. I actually prefer to load my machine-wide modules in /usr/ local. Maybe it's just the warm fuzzies, but I prefer to avoid giving the installation process a chance to walk on modules the system uses. Of course, I also refrain from updating the system perl by installing my own machine-wide non-system perl in /usr/local, as well. That allows the system update process to proceed without doing such things as bumping into a perl I've already updated past the version the system update process wants to update. It used to be that such a course was the default when you used CPAN, but I haven't re-installed perl in about a half year or so. I much prefer telling the System Administrators to install the Perl modules I need, wherever they choose as long as I can access them. Then I can conveniently forget that I know how to spell CPAN. -jeff lowrey MacOSX has the modules installed in "Library/Perl/darwin-thread-multi-2level". Since my development is to use #!/usr/bin/perl, this is the default library location and is where I have installed DBI.pm This output should tell you what happens on MacOSX (my version is 10.4.7) with perl perl -V Summary of my perl5 (revision 5 version 8 subversion 6) configuration: Platform: osname=darwin, osvers=8.0, archname=darwin-thread-multi-2level uname='darwin b28.apple.com 8.0 darwin kernel version 7.5.0: thu mar 3 18:48:46 pst 2005; root:xnuxnu-517.99.13.obj~1release_ppc power macintosh powerpc ' config_args='-ds -e -Dprefix=/usr -Dccflags=-g -pipe -Dldflags=-Dman3ext=3pm -Duseithreads -Duseshrplib' hint=recommended, useposix=true, d_sigaction=define usethreads=define use5005threads=undef useithreads=define usemultiplicity=define useperlio=define d_sfio=undef uselargefiles=define usesocks=undef use64bitint=undef use64bitall=undef uselongdouble=undef usemymalloc=n, bincompat5005=undef Compiler: cc='cc', ccflags ='-g -pipe -fno-common -DPERL_DARWIN -no-cpp-precomp -fno-strict-aliasing -I/usr/local/include', optimize='-Os', cppflags='-no-cpp-precomp -g -pipe -fno-common -DPERL_DARWIN -no-cpp-precomp -fno-strict-aliasing -I/usr/local/include' ccversion='', gccversion='3.3 20030304 (Apple Computer, Inc. build 1809)', gccosandvers='' intsize=4, longsize=4, ptrsize=4, doublesize=8, byteorder=4321 d_longlong=define, longlongsize=8, d_longdbl=define, longdblsize=8 ivtype='long', ivsize=4, nvtype='double', nvsize=8, Off_t='off_t', lseeksize=8 alignbytes=8, prototype=define Linker and Libraries: ld='env MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.3 cc', ldflags ='-L/usr/local/lib' libpth=/usr/local/lib /usr/lib libs=-ldbm -ldl -lm -lc perllibs=-ldl -lm -lc libc=/usr/lib/libc.dylib, so=dylib, useshrplib=true, libperl=libperl.dylib gnulibc_version='' Dynamic Linking: dlsrc=dl_dlopen.xs, dlext=bundle, d_dlsymun=undef, ccdlflags=' ' cccdlflags=' ', lddlflags='-bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -L/usr/local/lib' Characteristics of this binary (from libperl): Compile-time options: MULTIPLICITY USE_ITHREADS USE_LARGE_FILES PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT Locally applied patches: 23953 - fix for File::Path::rmtree CAN-2004-0452 security issue 33990 - fix for setuid perl security issues Built under darwin Compiled at Mar 20 2005 16:34:19 @INC: /System/Library/Perl/5.8.6/darwin-thread-multi-2level /System/Library/Perl/5.8.6 /Library/Perl/5.8.6/darwin-thread-multi-2level /Library/Perl/5.8.6 /Library/Perl /Network/Library/Perl/5.8.6/darwin-thread-multi-2level /Network/Library/Perl/5.8.6 /Network/Library/Perl /System/Library/Perl/Extras/5.8.6/darwin-thread-multi-2level /System/Library/Perl/Extras/5.8.6 /Library/Perl/5.8.1/darwin-thread-multi-2level /Library/Perl/5.8.1 >> There are other issues in the MacOS X for manual installation or >> modules such as where the modules are install. The manual method may [quoted text clipped - 12 lines] > It used to be that such a course was the default when you used CPAN, > but I haven't re-installed perl in about a half year or so. Signature------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Michael Barto* Software Architect LogiQwest Circle LogiQwest Inc. 16458 Bolsa Chica Street, # 15 Huntington Beach, CA 92649 http://www.logiqwest.com/ mbarto@logiqwest.com <mailto:mbarto@logiqwest.com> Tel: 714 377 3705 Fax: 714 840 3937 Cell: 714 883 1949 *'tis a gift to be simple* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ This e-mail may contain LogiQwest proprietary information and should be treated as confidential. |
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